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Archive for April, 2009

厲害的產品

有時會聽到朋友抱怨說:iPhone沒辦法直接和 PC 傳輸檔案真的給他有點不方便、iPhone 沒支援藍牙同步,搞得我常常要把傳輸線帶在身上、iPhone沒有內建看文件程式,要看還要另外安裝,實在是麻煩…

 

那我問這些朋友,常聽你在碎碎念,那你喜歡你的 iPhone 嗎? 不出乎意料,他們的回答都是「喜歡阿」。

 

任何產品都有缺點,市占率越大的產品,缺點就越容易在市場內產生共鳴,共鳴的結果就是缺點不斷放大。上面三個典型抱怨是 iPhone 使用者靠「直覺」都會跟你說的三種缺點,就算使用者不是真有在手機看文件的習慣,不是天天需要和 PC 同步,他還是直覺得地告訴你他「聽來的」缺點。

 

沒有任何產品,一開發出來就是完美的,然而厲害的產品,只需要一條公式:缺點+缺點+缺點 < 優點+優點+優點;厲害的產品,會讓你與它互動時忘記缺點;厲害的產品,會變成你的老公老婆小孩 — 罵歸罵,但還是愛。

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聽說這系列影片叫做”Home, Work and Play”,首先暴光的是 Home 與 Work 兩支:

 

 

 

第一支還好,第二支後半段…該不會是在暗示微軟未來將轉型切入魔術市場吧!

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Suits, for example. Suits do not help people to think better. I bet most executives at big companies do their best thinking when they wake up on Sunday morning and go downstairs in their bathrobe to make a cup of coffee. That’s when you have ideas.

– P. G.

 

非理性繁榮的觀念是有一天早晨,我在浴缸裡準備演講搞時想出來的。至今,我有許多好點子都是在浴缸裡想出來的。多年來,我的助理已經習慣看著浸濕的黃色貼紙上狗爬似的草稿打字 — 直到我們找到一種墨水不會暈開的筆之後,這個艱鉅任務才變得比較輕鬆。在泡澡中,我很高興我能像阿基米德一樣思考全世界。

 

– 艾倫.葛林斯潘

 

誰來多提撥幾筆預算,買套好浴缸好睡袍送給這群對我們生活有重大影響力的人呢?如果當初阿宅工程師都穿西裝,現在大概連 Weblog 的觀念都不會有人提了,更不用說其他新媒體。可惜沒穿西裝的人創造的新東西,最後要賣錢時,又是交給一群穿西裝的;行銷部門的存在,就是為了要消彌西裝與點子之間的距離…

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本日佳句 - tapeworms

…These media companies used to be the distributors and creators of content. But now they are just the creators and they will never get back to a position of being a distributor unless they become "tapeworms" (means contet aggregators) too.  (source)

 

台灣還有多少人直接到 portal 看新聞,而不是透過各種間接資訊彙整工具/資訊彙整服務呢?

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威尼斯,我瞭解,是創造性破壞的反證。她是靠靠保存與欣賞過去而生存,不是靠創造未來。但這點,我瞭解,正是關鍵之所在。這座城市除了美麗與浪漫以之外,還提供人們對安定與及永恆的深沈需求。威尼斯受歡迎,代表著人類矛盾性格中的一端:一個慾望想要增加物質享受,另一個欲望卻想要逃避改變,及逃避改變所伴隨而來的壓力,掙扎在這二個欲望之間。

- 艾倫.葛林斯潘, 我們的新世界, P.213

 

前聯準會主席葛林斯潘以說話模糊難懂聞名,但很少看到他展現出感性。上面這段話,是他在回憶錄中,想起 1997 年與第二任妻子到威尼斯蜜月旅行的感觸。他一生中有大半都在為提昇美國人民物質生活而努力;熊彼得所提出的 <創造性破壞> 在書中多次出現,他與聯準會委員也相信,創造性破壞是產生一次次社會財富重新分配的關鍵。然而,他卻在威尼斯找到「無創造」、「無破壞」,也能帶來附加價值的反證

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1. 營收 $13.65 billion,年減 6%

2. 淨利 $2.98 billion,年減 32% (痛阿)

3. 現金、約當現金、與短期投資部位 $25.3 billion,年增 7%

4. 稀釋後單季 EPS $0.33,年減 30%

 

心得:近期逢彽介入,等年底回升。

 

相關連結:官方新聞稿

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It’s hard to judge the young because (a) they change rapidly, (b) there is great variation between them, and (c) they’re individually inconsistent. That last one is a big problem. When you’re young, you occasionally say and do stupid things even when you’re smart. So if the algorithm is to filter out people who say stupid things, as many investors and employers unconsciously do, you’re going to get a lot of false positives. 

– P. G.

 

組織文化、歷史包袱,基本上決定了這個 “algorithm”,但 people maager 有權力加入 parameters 來影響最後產出結果。

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有人說,marketer 就像是律師,只要確定利益立場,就能把白馬說成黑馬。反過來說,如果要逼 marketer 做一件最痛苦 (通常也不可能做) 的事,不外乎面對現實,放大缺點,(關起門來) 把自家品牌、自家產品拿出來鞭打,攻擊自家的產品、攻擊自家的品牌。

 

防止自 High 守則 No.1: 先開窗戶洗個不擦乾冷水澡,再開始寫 marketing plan。

 

Think about this: call a why-our-product-sucks brainstorming session before initiating any strategic planning. After all no one knows more about your product than you, as a marketer, do. If it’s not you who challenge you product most, then the market will do so on your behalf.

 

Wake up and welcome to the real world.

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綠色緊縮

今天在 TC 看到兩張有趣的圖表:

image

 

(source: PWC/ NVCA)

 

油價越低我們就越不綠。據 2009 年第一季統計資料來看,US VC 投入綠能產業的資金只剩去年同期的 13.5%,成交筆數只剩去年同期的 12.5%。相較之下,網路產業 (10年前市場泡沫罪魁禍首) 的 Q1 VC 投入資金「還剩」去年同期的 42%,成交筆數還剩下去年同期的 45%。 ( 縱軸上的 # of deals 為目測約略值。)

 

話說回來,緊縮市場能把體質不良的公司打出原形,這總比讓一堆阿撒不魯公司在泡沫市場胡亂 IPO 來得好。

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日前和一位籌備紅酒貿易事業的朋友聊天,聊到 BP or not BP,我站在偏向 BP 萬言書無用論立場 - - 除非你需要找 Angel 或 VC pitch。但寫下基本的 BP 架構 (10 – 30 張 slides ) 仍有助於讓車子開在車道上。她的看法與我大致雷同,而且她大概不知道自己無意間說出了這句讓我反覆咀嚼的本日佳句 — 「很多事要做了才知道」。

 

–> 「你先寫給我 Plan,招集大家開會評估看看,確定可行你再去做。開完會後,如果有不可行的地方,你拿回去修改,再召集一次會議讓大家評估看看,確定可行你再去做,如果有需要加強的地方,你會後拿回去修改,再召集一次會議讓大家評估看看,確定可行你再去做。」

 

是不是很熟悉呢?克里斯汀生寫完<創新者的解答> 再出一本<執行者的解答>應該也能大賣。

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image

 

1. 營收 5.5 Billion,較 2008 年第四季下滑 3%

2. 淨利 1.4 Billion,較去年同期成長 9%

3. 總體關鍵字廣告點擊數單季成長 3%,年成長 17%

4. 目前手上握有價值 10.4 Billion 的現金

 

除了營收意外下滑外,其餘表現算是高於市場預期。不過這邊有個感覺是「微調過」的數字。大家還有印象的話,Google 前陣子才宣佈要將員工的股票選擇權重新計價,這樣的作法會造成 3.6 億美金到 4 億美金的衝擊,而這季財報中,Google 只提列了1千1百萬美金,有可能是希望初期 (兼景氣不好的時候) 壓低攤提的費用。按照 5 年攤提計畫,共有 20 季,每季只提列1千1百萬絕對是不可能足夠。

 

關於 stock options 的部份,官方新聞稿提到:

…new options will vest no sooner than September 9, 2009. The Exchange Offer will result in a modification charge related to SBC of $360 million to be recognized over the vesting periods of the new options. These vesting periods range from six months to approximately five years. We recorded $11 million of this $360 million modification charge in the first quarter of 2009. 

 

Anyway, 接下來就看 Microsoft 第一季的表現了,不能輸啊!

 

相關連結:

Google 2009年第一季營收報告投影片

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It’s certainly not as bad as many thought in the fall of last year and it’s not as good as everyone secretly wishes it would be. We’ve gone from greed to fear to something else now. It’s a better place but not necessarily a safer place.  (source)

 

市場的情緒,已經從一年前的貪婪,走到半年前的恐懼,再走到最近這種帶點恐懼的貪婪,或說是帶點貪婪的恐懼

 

這是什麼意思呢?這應該是常態又回來囉。常態就是:人人都想當學巴菲特在別人恐懼時貪婪;在別人貪婪時恐懼 (到此為止都是想法階段),一旦確定要行動了,道行不夠深,自己跟自己多空交戰中…

 

image

 

今年以來,DJIA  的跌幅 7.98%,S&P 500 跌幅 4.75%,NASDAQ 甚至逆勢漲了5.21%。也算是公道。我認為科技股只是外傷,但金融股是內傷,外傷好比較快,內傷好得慢,但如果好好利用這個時點休養生息,等待機會,說不定也能像張無忌一樣,在中玄冥神掌之際練成九陽神功…

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StumbleUpon,eBay 2007 年轟轟烈烈買走的公司,曾經引發科技界猜測熱潮,大家都等著看兩者結合會變出什麼新把戲,是隨機推薦競標品嗎?還是隨機推薦特賣品?Skype, eBay 2005 年轟轟烈烈買走的公司,其綜效也曾引領市場期盼,是新增買賣方即時線上通話服務嗎?還是購物金與電話點數的整合儲值?

 

反正現在怎麼猜都一樣囉,大環境不好,不太能下金雞蛋的母雞就先賣了。StumbleUpon 賣還給創辦人,回到 startup 狀態,Skype 就猛了,預計 2010 上半年完成獨立事業體切割,並公開上市,到時候只要你有錢就能當 Skype 股東。

 

通常 IPO 新股都有段蜜月期,存點錢,說不定明年的電話費都靠 Skype 的股票獲利支付啦!想長抱的也可以,就憑eBay官方新聞稿誇下的這句話:”The company recently announced that it expects Skype to top $1 billion in revenue in 2011, nearly doubling 2008 revenues.”  - 3年內營收2倍成長。EPS會成長多少,就留給大家想像了。

 

相關連結:

StumbleUpon is a start-up again!

eBay Inc. Announces Plan for 2010 Initial Public Offering of Skype

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When companies start publicly supporting and promoting members of the media (IE FB and Twitter), there’s no way those reporters can be taken seriously anymore. They lose their credibility and no matter what they write, you have to question their objectivity. It’s akin to a reporter being paid by the company, because they are personally benefiting from these “suggestions.”

Paid reporters are essentially…flacks. – Sarah

 

這是在一則報導之後的留言,報導內容為: Facebook 將推出「站方推薦帳號讓你加入好友功能 (日後可能會發展成:推薦品牌帳號讓你加入好友)」。如果精明的人都在質疑這些 brand sponsored 帳號,那到底是哪類型的人在當 brand 的粉絲呢?

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Steve Jobs: …And I think building a company’s really hard, and it requires your greatest persuasive abilities to hire the best people you can and keep them at your company and keep them working, doing the best work of their lives, hopefully. And Bill’s been able to stay with it for all these years. (一開始雙方互相讚對對方,Steve Jobs  特別指出說服力是公司初期招募與留住人才的關鍵。他本身就把 Steve Wozniak 從 HP 的金飯碗中遊說到車庫,一起創辦 Apple Computer。)

 

Bill Gates: …And his ability to always come around and figure out where that next bet should be has been phenomenal. (Bill Gates 稱讚 Steve Jobs 在在看趨勢與消費者需求這方面的眼光神準。)

 

Bill Gates: …And we had really bet our future on the Macintosh being successful, and then, hopefully, graphics interfaces in general being successful, but first and foremost, the thing that would popularize that being the Macintosh. (早期 Microsoft 是 Apple Computer 少數合作密切的 application vendors 之一。Microsoft 也把身家賭在 Apple 的麥金塔電腦。)

 

Steve Jobs: …But the net result of it was, was there were too many people at Apple and in the Apple ecosystem playing the game of, for Apple to win, Microsoft has to lose. And it was clear that you didn’t have to play that game because Apple wasn’t going to beat Microsoft. Apple didn’t have to beat Microsoft. Apple had to remember who Apple was because they’d forgotten who Apple was. (Steve Jobs 回憶,直到他1997年回鍋上任以來,Apple 內部仍瀰漫著反Microsoft 情緒,員工腦中裝滿了與 Microsoft 的零和遊戲。但他一走馬上任,第一件事就是告訴大家:Apple 的成功不一定要建立在 Microsoft 的失敗之上。同時也在 1997 Macworld 大會上宣布 Microsoft 將成為 Apple 的 strategic partner。)

 

Steve Jobs: The art of those commercials (I’m MAC v.s. I’m PC) is not to be mean, but it’s actually for the guys to like each other. Thanks. PC guy is great. Got a big heart.

Bill Gates: His mother loves him.

Steve Jobs: His mother loves him.

Steve Jobs: PC guy’s what makes it all work, actually.

(Steve Jobs 說:是 PC Guy 讓 Mac v.s. PC 系列廣告獲得空前成功,一切都要感謝PC Guy.  :D )

 

Steve Jobs: …You know, what’s really interesting is–and we talked about this earlier today–if you look at the reason that the iPod exists and the Apple’s in that marketplace, it’s because these really great Japanese consumer electronics companies who kind of own the portable music market, invented it and owned it, couldn’t do the appropriate software, couldn’t conceive of and implement the appropriate software. Because an iPod’s really just software. It’s software in the iPod itself, it’s software on the PC or the Mac, and it’s software in the cloud for the store. And it’s in a beautiful box, but it’s software. If you look at what a Mac is, it’s OS X, right? It’s in a beautiful box, but it’s OS X. And if you look at what an iPhone will hopefully be, it’s software.

 

…And so the big secret about Apple, of course–not-so-big secret maybe–is that Apple views itself as a software company… (Steve Jobs 認為 Apple 的成功來自 software design,iPod 說穿了就是成功的software (含iTunes) 在一個漂亮的盒子裡,Mac 說穿了也是一個成功的 software 在一個漂亮的盒子裡。Apple 甚至比較喜歡把自己定義為 software company。說真的,山寨當道,hardware 可以很快被模仿走,software 卻很難,君不見市面流通的山寨版 iPhone OS 還是長得很山寨?獲利模式建立在 software solution 之上的公司,要時時擔心被大量盜版,但若同時擁有 hareware + software 的 vertical solution,可以握有更多對產品品質的掌控度。)

 

Bill Gates: The mainstream is always under attack. (簡潔有力,Windows, Office = mainstream)

 

Steve Jobs: …What I’m saying is, I think the marriage of some really great client apps with some really great cloud services is incredibly powerful and right now, can be way more powerful than just having a browser on the client. (WOW, Steve Jobs 也 echoed 微軟的 Software Plus Services 策略。)

 

Bill Gates: …How quickly all these things that have been somewhat specialized, the navigation device, the digital wallet, the phone, the camera, the video camera, how quickly those all come together, it’s hard to chart out. But eventually, you’ll be able to pick something that has the capability to do every one of those things. (my thought: 創新比較有可能發生在 specialized devices 上,但 specilized devices 終究會匯聚成 genenal purpose devices。然後失去創新動力,然後再引領出另外一波 specialized devices 創新,然後再匯聚,and the process repeats itself again and again.)

 

Steve Jobs: …No, that wasn’t my answer. You know, when Bill and I first met each other and worked together in the early days, generally, we were both the youngest guys in the room, right? Individually or together. I’m about six months older than he is, but roughly the same age. And now when we’re working at our respective companies, I don’t know about you, but I’m the oldest guy in the room most of the time. And that’s why I love being here.

 

  …And, you know, I think of most things in life as either a Bob Dylan or a Beatles song, but there’s that one line in that one Beatles song, “you and I have memories longer than the road that stretches out ahead.” And that’s clearly true here. (回首從前,Seteve Jobs 和 Bill Gates 很早就互相認識,也曾是全公司最年輕的員工,如今兩卻往往是”the oldest in the room”。)

 

Steve Jobs: …You know, because Woz and I started the company based on doing the whole banana, we weren’t so good at partnering with people. And, you know, actually, the funny thing is, Microsoft’s one of the few companies we were able to partner with that actually worked for both companies. And we weren’t so good at that, where Bill and Microsoft were really good at it because they didn’t make the whole thing in the early days and they learned how to partner with people really well.

 

And I think if Apple could have had a little more of that in its DNA, it would have served it extremely well. And I don’t think Apple learned that until, you know, a few decades later. (初期 Microsoft 在尋找合作夥伴這方面做的比 Apple 好很多。Steve Jobs 甚至認為,如果當年Apple也多一點”partnering DNA”,情況也許會大不相同。)

 

Click here to see the original videos

 

And here is the bonus - Mac. v.s. PC, kiddy version:

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信心能量

又到了畢業生準備履歷的季節,一位朋友問我是否應該要詳細描述過去社團、工讀經歷的種種?我告訴他,如果面試你的長官,以前有過和你類似的經驗,那他 appreicate 你的機會就很大,如果他過去啥都沒做過,但現在照樣坐上官位,那他會跟你說,你這一些經歷,在我眼中都是bullshit (不好意思,這應該是心中的OS,經粹煉後,從面試官口中說出來的,應該是「嗯嗯」)。

 

但我要說的是,你不應該看重這些經驗是否能為你帶來外在觀點的優勢,它能為你帶來的,應該是內在信心能量的累積。這是一種「我可以把這件事情完成」的信心能量。你可能百思不解,為什麼身邊功課好,卻沒啥課外活動的同學,三不五時就是考慮東,考慮西的,在那邊分析東,分析西的,在那邊說「我不行啦」、「這個好像不適合我」這類的話。但面對一樣的抉擇,你好像就覺得,「以前都做過哪些哪些事情了,這次似乎也不會難到哪裡去…(傻到不知道 limit 在哪裡)」,沒錯,那就是你過去累積的信心能量發動引擎了。

 

開始工作後,不幸地,一次次誤闖企業叢林禁區,你過去累積的信心能量又會逐漸開始減少,甚至歸零;但如果你是個有累積能量習慣的人,三個月、半年、一年、一年半,你又會覺得過去在社團經驗中過關斬將的感覺又回來了。然後你會開始挑戰體制。沒錯,那時就是你的信心能量又接近100%了。

 

這時的你是最佳狀態,是公司能讓你完全發揮潛能 (或說是好好利用你) 的最好時機。同時也是你考驗這家公司的氣度,檢視公司「分封」給你舞台大小的時機。信心能量接近100%,有點像是接近100度C 的沸騰水,全身上上下下的組成分子都在一種完全活潑的狀態,但茶壺太小,一不小心溢出沸水就會燙傷自己,此時你需要共多空間,或把這些能量舀到另一個更大的水池,以煮沸下一個水池 (而不是茶壺) 為目標。水燙了,打開蓋子加冷水,或直接關小火,是一般人的選擇,但聰明的你,一定不會這樣選擇。

 

以上是我像投顧老師一樣,給這位朋友的「短天期會員」建議。但沒有收入會費啦!

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延續上一篇,For those who don’t know what is S.P.A.M.

 

From Wikipedia:

 

Spam is the abuse of electronic messaging systems (including most broadcast mediums, digital delivery systems) to send unsolicited bulk messages indiscriminately. While the most widely recognized form of spam is e-mail spam, the term is applied to similar abuses in other media: instant messaging spam, Usenet newsgroup spam, Web search engine spam, spam in blogs, wiki spam, Online classified ads spam, mobile phone messaging spam, Internet forum spam, junk fax transmissions, and file sharing network spam.

 

People who create electronic spam are called spammers.

 

本日最中肯關鍵字:unsolicited

 

比較值得討論的是,有些行銷人員 (自我洗腦後) 自認的好東西,巴不得和全世界分享的資訊 (多層次傳銷?!) 的好東西,在大眾眼裡根本是廣告垃圾。Marketer 自我意識很重要,許多中世紀領主的傳訊者 (messenger) 就是連自己在做啥都不知道,訊息才剛送到敵陣,馬上就被對方砍了。很多在BBS / 論壇上的帳號也是這樣被版主砍掉。

 

As the old adage goes: “Don’t shoot the messenger.” But who instead? I say shoot the one who sent out troops of spammers. Shoot the commander.

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Microsoft: 97 percent of all e-mail sent on the Internet is spam…

 

我很怕有一天又會有哪個單位宣佈: Twitter 或 Facebook 全站有 ?% 的內容是 spam。我們大家都不喜歡 spam,但當想到如何把訊息最大化散布時,卻又自私地想到使用 spam 類型的手法。WHY?

 

因為 spam 很簡單,成本很低,就像隨地丟垃圾一樣,順手,還會引人側目。Sorry. 對焦慮的行銷人來說,不管側目白目,能吸引注目的行為就是好目。

 

要遏止這種低劣的手法只有一種:不要傻傻當白目,大家把眼睛放亮一點,在論壇、部落格文章、信箱中看到這類型礙眼的廣告文,要勇於檢舉,把這類型不負責任的行銷人員或業務代表洗出場。籌碼乾淨之後,行銷活動背後的投資人就會發現活動 ROI 是負的,下次就不敢出資請打手了。

 

PS. spamming 表面上看起來省錢,其實執行起來,消費的卻是品牌名譽資產,越是新創小品牌越沒有 brand reputation 的包袱,越能這樣亂玩,或說是大賭一把,大不了名聲壞了,換個名字 (或產品) 重新來過。但大公司可就不一樣了 — 除非你負責的品牌值數十億,可以讓你慢慢敗光。

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金融衍生商品的本質是什麼呢?和美元一樣,也是債務!它們是債務的打包,它們是債務的集合,它們是債務的貨櫃,它們是債務的倉庫,它們是債務的喜馬拉雅山。 (source: 貨幣戰爭 )

 

大陸人就是有這種衝撞的氣魄,把中文的韻味揮灑得維妙維肖。

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What really motivates investors, even big VCs, is not the hope of good returns, but the fear of missing out.  - P.G.

 

「大家都上轎了,只有我還沒上轎,左想右想,這怎麼行,還是跟著一起上轎好了。」

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繼紅髮 Lauren 後,此次我們找來了美國阿宅擔綱主角演出,這回任務雷同:$1500 美金預算 (比上次多$500),你能買到符合理想規格的電腦,製作單位就幫你出錢。當然這一切都是模擬情境劇,重點只是在凸顯一件事…

 

“Mac is so sexy, but…”

 

Ouch!, price-value ratio, it hurts.

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前情提要:一個月前,Forbes公佈了一份50大全美最受景仰企業名單,當時挑出前十名,實驗性各買1000股,每個月做結算,現在是時候來看看績效表現了:

 

最景仰企業排名 企業名稱 3/4 盤中價 4/3 收盤價 MoM 漲幅
1 Apple 91.37 115.99 26.95%
2 Berkshire Hathaway 2,388.00 (B股) 3,004 25.80%
3 Toyota Motor 61.47 (ADR) 75.11 22.19%
4 Google 322.98 369.78 14.49%
5 Johnson & Johnson 47.94 52.15 8.78%
6 Procter & Gamble 47.21 49.63 5.13%
7 FedEx 41.08 50.02 21.76%
8 Southwest Airlines 5.19 6.86 32.18%
9 General Electric 6.40 10.94 70.94%
10 Microsoft 16.31 18.75 14.96%

 

  • 以上投資組合平均月漲幅為 24.32%
  • S&P 500 指數 3/4 – 4/3 期間帳幅為 18.19%
  • 3/4 初始投入金額:US$$ 3,027,950;4/3 結算金額:US$ 3,753,230

 

一個月前立下的績效評估指標為 S&P 500 指數,很明顯地,順手捻來 10 間 Forbes 吹捧的公司,其投資組合表現確實打敗了大盤。心得:猴子射飛鏢理論發酵 (?!)

 

猴子的運氣是否比一般投資大眾好?咱門下月再見分曉!

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次貸風暴也可以很簡單:

次級貸款銀行負責生產,投資銀行、房利美和房地美公司負責加工和銷售,資產評級公司是質量監督局,對沖基金負責倉儲和批發,商業銀行提供信貸,養老基金、政府託管基金、教育基金、保險基金、外國機構投資者就成了資產毒垃圾的最終消費者。這個過程的副產品則是金融流動性全球過剩和貧富分化。 ( source: 貨幣戰爭 )

 

身為現代人,多少要來瞭解一下資產毒垃圾的三大濃縮精華成份 – CDO (擔保債權憑證)、CDS (信用違約交換)、Synthetic CDO (合成型擔保債權憑證),其毒性一波比一波強,服用時不可不慎:

 

1. CDO (擔保債權憑證) 調配秘方:

 

2. CDS (信用違約交換) 調配秘方:

 

3. Synthetic CDO (合成型擔保債權憑證) 調配秘方

 

市場一個不小心,中了上面這些帖子的毒,毒性蔓延到企業採購經理人,他們得了一種叫做對未來展望沒信心的併發症,病情發作時,病患便不自主地產生凍結預算的行為,接著,就是近代史了。

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Basic Developer Needs

  • Food
  • Quiet
  • Keyboard
  • Command prompt
  • Cool idea
  • Ship it

(source)

 

科技業的核心競爭力是developer,so treat them well.

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