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Archive for September, 2009

UGC 肥皂水

這算是大眾系列文第四篇。我們常在說 user generated content 即將改變世界,專業即將被邊緣化,而事實上:

 

1. 比你想像中還要多的 user generated conent 只是 premiun conent 的轉錄或消費

2. 比你想像中還要多的 user generated conent 只是短期 buzz

3. 比你想像還要多的大眾喜歡看 premium content

 

yes, 2% 的 user genetared contnet 被主流(專業)媒體報導出來,不代表現在全世界都在瘋這個,也不代表關鍵人士都在瘋這個。且這僅只是再度證明主流(專業)媒體的影響力還是很大。ugc 需要主流媒體,而主流媒體不一定需要 ugc。

 

網路只是給了大眾一個當傳聲筒,一個當應聲蟲的機會。當傳聲筒不代表正在「發聲」,當應聲蟲不代表正在「評論」。今晚數數臉書或噗浪上的連結也許會更清楚瞭解。大眾沒有能力、也沒有那個熱情,去產生有深度,有影響力的內容。網路只是提供一個舞台,讓原本就該被世界看見的人,提早被世界看見。剩下的那群平凡大眾,不為因為網路而有什麼本質上的改變。

 

到底是誰?把 user generated content 的效力放大了呢?是我們自己。影響我們記憶的,不是過去事物發生的頻率,而是過去事物 “vivid” 的程度。我們只會記得那一兩次成功案例,而媒體記者挑選出來的報導,則是我們共同記憶的縮影。

 

企業值得檢討一下花在平凡大眾身上的心力。

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淺草根

這是大眾系列文第三篇。今天早上,我本來要針對企業過度壓低姿態,並針對現實、被寵壞的大眾發表一番看法。不過巧遇 Seth Godin 文章一篇,瞬時看清,近年來各界鼓吹的 marketing paradigm shift 本質上也不過是 political manipulation。「草根運動」這個詞,一向和政治脫不了勾,而如今,發動、操作草根運運動,也成了行銷重要的一環:

 

You can’t control what people are saying about you. What you can do is organize that speech. You can organize it by highlighting the good stuff and rationally responding to the not-so-good stuff. You can organize it by embracing the people who love your brand and challenging them to speak up and share the good word. And you can respond to it in a thoughtful way, leaving a trail that stands up over time. (source)

 

這段話是 Seth Godin 推自家開發的品牌聲量管理工具 – Brand in Public 時鼓吹的一種策略。不過這不是重點,這是問題。

 

問題就在於行銷人員建立了某種社群,接著希望社群人員能為自己的產品說好話,這樣的思維模式。這種模式導致企業過度討好民眾,尤其是過度討好網民的文化。但對一般網民來說,你還是企業,在他們的認知中,企業就是來收錢的,而老爺我,上網就是來享受的,你討好我,應該的,你沒搞好讓我罵一罵,應該的。民眾思考很淺,他們不會考慮到對等交易這件事,網路經濟體已經讓對等交易的概念傾斜,隱匿到很後方很後方的運作當中,不用心察覺,或是根本沒有能力察覺的一般民眾,會以為自己活在完全免費的網路世界,而未來是什麼?未來就是一路免費,直通到底。大眾不會關心,也無力關心 ad supported model, premium service model,大眾沒有成本轉嫁的想像力。大眾使用免費服務時,忘記背後有大企業,準備掏出錢包時,就想起了背後的大企業。而這一切畸型的大眾價值觀,就是你我高唱「顧客第一」、「顧客永遠是對的」之餘,所引發的後遺症。

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掠奪者

這群唾棄憎恨 MSN 強制更新的大眾,和憎恨 Dell 不出貨的大眾,是同一群人。他們左手揮著受壓迫的旗幟,右手高舉掠奪者的棍棒。他們期待企業為他們免費享受的服務付出,他們期待企業履行原本不屬於他們的利益。他們說,企業要負社會責任,但他們不知道,伴隨責任而來的,就是權利。但他們不讓企業擁有和責任對等的權利。

 

他們不知道企業有多少會議花費在 privacy 的討論,不知道企業有多少時間花費在 opt-in process 的設計。他們選擇相信其他大眾。他們認為,群聚的力量能使他們對企業予取予求,他們選擇當貪婪的受害者。

 

他們選擇放棄理性思考,他們選擇感覺。他們認為企業提供他們生活所需的一切,都是他們應得的,都是理所當然的,都是不必付出的。他們不懂價值交換是世界運作的原理。

 

因為他們當中的每一位,都自認為是維持世界前進的輪子,所以他們不怕毀掉帶領他們駛向正確方向的火車頭。他們一致表決通過,企業賺錢是罪惡。正是企業不斷的創新和生產,正是企業不斷提高他們的生活水準,正是免費的服務,讓他們變成一群被寵壞的大眾。

 

不加以思考,他們選擇當貪婪的受害者。

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Why people hate monopoly

一般人都能被歸類到:壟斷性大公司習慣性厭惡症後群。但不就是因為你們這些人孕育出壟斷性大公司嗎?在台灣,除了部份公共事業外,我看不出完全的壟斷。中華電信有競爭者,雅虎奇摩有競爭者,微軟有競爭者。而你有什麼?你有「選擇」的權利。但,是你懶惰,是你放棄選擇的權利。從中華電信換到台灣大哥大手續一堆,從雅虎奇摩換到 PCHome 要從新適應介面,從 MS Windows 換到 Linux 要重新學習功能。這些都是你選擇相信的理由。

 

也有一個理由,但你從不相信:這些壟斷事業提供的產品或服務都是”good enough”。而你,選擇停留在 good enough 的 status quo。

 

MSN 強制你升級到最新版真的不好嗎?除了未知的未來,你害怕什麼?你還有選擇,但你選擇繼續支持壟斷性大公司。不論你付錢,或是盜版,不論你忍氣吞聲,或是抱怨。你選擇繼續支持壟斷性大公司。

 

 

如果有一天,壟斷性大公司突然一個接著一個從地球上消失,中華電信被勒令停止經營數據傳輸?雅虎奇摩被勒令流量管制?微軟被勒令停止維護 MSN?你的目的達成了,你摧毀了壟斷者、掠奪者。然後,你的生活會過得比現在好嗎,你失去了抱怨的對象,你會比之前開心嗎?

 

你反對的到底是什麼?

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Who are you

In 1831, he failed in business. He ran for the Illinois General Assembly the following year. He was defeated, so he started another business and failed. In 1834, he was elected to the state legislature, but in 1836 he suffered a nervous breakdown after his sweetheart died. In 1838, 1840, and 1843 respectively, he ran for speaker of the state legislature, elector and Congress, and he was defeated each time.

In 1846, he was elected to Congress, but when he ran for Congress again in 1848, he was defeated. He ran for Senate in 1855 and was defeated, and the next year he sought the vice-presidential nomination and was defeated, receiving less than 100 votes. But here was a man who refused to give up. In 1860 he ran for President–and won. (source)

 

他是誰?相較之下,我們每天面對的又算什麼呢?如果構成人生三十年的主要部份是「輸」,那我們在第三十一年該怎麼做?

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在行銷領域的經驗告訴我們,要盡量站在目標族群的角度來思考、來模擬反應。目標族群通常是被貼了某種標籤的大眾,大眾是什麼?大眾就只是一群平凡心智的集合。大眾有百分之二,或百分之五的精英人才,但和剩下的百分之九十八,百分之九十五平均下來,大眾就是一群平凡的心智。

 

你為什麼覺得你有資格模擬目標族群的角度思考?因為你自認為是站立於平凡之上的精英。如果你常常重複「站在大眾的角度來思考」、「投大眾之所好」這類行為,久而久之,你就不知道自己到底支持去精英化,還是去大眾化。

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I came, I saw, I conquered.

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The Badge of Honor

I think embracing failure is one of the things that makes this country such a great place to do business in. In many parts of the world, if you fail once, you are done. People won’t touch you with a ten foot pole. But here in the US, it’s almost a badge of honor. And our President explains why.

When we met with entrepreneurs, I’m always interested in their failures. And most people have them, you just have to dig a bit to find them. If someone has failed and taken the time to learn from it, I think that’s a big positive. It makes us even more excited to back them the next time.

So don’t hide your failures. Wear them as a badge of honor. And most of all, learn from them. (source)

 

續上一篇,你自己要能包容失敗(失誤),你所處的環境也要能包容失敗(失誤)。然後你才算是拿到 sucess 的入場券。

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you can’t let your failures define you – you have to let them teach you. You have to let them show you what to do differently next time. (source)

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黃任中

「他一生努力了這麼久,最後躺下來時,還是一身HANG TEN,一身Giordano。」「他說他現在最想做的事,就是到新竹城隍廟,獨自一人吃一碗米粉,吃一碗碗粿。」以上是小潘潘轉述黃任中在離開前最後那幾天,每天含著淚所說的話。

 

剛剛無意間在非凡財經台看到黃任中的專題報導,看到最後,不知道為什麼,我覺我有一股鼻酸的感覺。尤其是當最後這兩句話出現時。我曾經相信世界大致公平,但後來發現世界原來就不曾公平。有些人努力不一定能得到期待的結果,有些人先天就佔著優勢,不努力也能有超凡的成果。有人在錯的時間點白努力,有人在對的時間點馭風而上,有些人的努力因為某個外力,在一夕間化為烏有。有些人不付出就能享受,有些人不能享受,還必須付出。有些人相信人定勝天,但天畢竟還是天,再多努力也只是增加勝率,改不了一開始就註定的遊戲規則。

 

上一篇才po了positive v.s. negative thinking,而我現在只是在客觀描述大部分的事實。我很好奇,扣掉運氣,扣掉祖先上輩子做的好事,扣掉宗教信仰得到的專屬祝福,一個人的努力和付出,到底決定了多少過程,到底決定了多少結果?我也很好奇,我是如此想知道這個問題的答案,我該祈求身邊的人,天,還是神?

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Key question then: why do smart people engage in negative thinking? Are they actually stupid?

The reason, I think, is that negative thinking feels good. In its own way, we believe that negative thinking works. Negative thinking feels realistic, or soothes our pain, or eases our embarrassment. Negative thinking protects us and lowers expectations. (source)

當所有人都 positive thinking 時,你 negative thinking;當所有人都 negative thinking 時,你 positive thinking,這樣不知道有沒有增加 good luck 的機會。

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縮小的餅

Since Craigslist collapsed a multibillion dollar classified advertising business into a fabulously profitable $100,000,000 business, perhaps we should be talking about the potential deflationary impact of more "zero billion dollar" businesses.  (source)

 

網路帶來效率,效率消除舊運作模式產生的額外費用,總費用支出減少,整塊市場大餅變小。

當然節省的資本還是可以花在其他領域,繼續創造價值,小時候聽老師說,只要新價值不斷被創造,人類的生活就會越來越好。不過總覺得哪裡怪怪的…

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Craigslist 創辦人 Craig Newmark 對人性的基本觀點:

People are good and trustworthy and generally just concerned with getting through the day," Newmark says. If most people are good and their needs are simple, all you have to do to serve them well is build a minimal infrastructure allowing them to get together and work things out for themselves. Any additional features are almost certainly superfluous and could even be damaging. (source)

而這觀點造就了一間僅 32 名員工,就能讓年營收超過 100 million 美金的公司。

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1) Great companies are constantly innovating and delighting their customers/users with new products and services.
2) Great companies are built to last and be independent and sustainable. Great companies don’t sell out.
3) Great companies make lots of money but leave even more money on the table for their users and partners.
4) Great companies don’t look elsewhere for ideas. They develop their ideas internally and are copied by others.
5) Great companies infect their users/customers with their brand. They turn their users and customers into marketing/salesforces.
6) Great companies are led by entrepreneurs who own a meaningful piece of the business. As such, they make decisions based on long term business needs and objectives not short term goals.
7) Great companies have a global mindset. They treat every person in the world as a potential customer/user.
8 ) Great companies are attempting to change the world in addition to making money.
9) Great companies are not reliant on any one person to deliver their value proposition.
10) Great companies put the customer/user first above any other priority. (source)

 

有些是充分條件,有些必要條件;有些太理想主義,不過還是可以參考參考。

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距離 Yahoo! 和 Microsoft 合作案宣布至今也一個月有了,投資人似乎還是不太賞臉。YAHOO 股價一個月來下跌約 15%。但女強人 Carol Bartz 當然不會就此示弱:

Bartz is angry and unapologetic. "People were hoping to make quick bucks," she says with contempt, brandishing charts that appear to show how much her deal can earn over the long term. "I’m betting the economy will come back. I know it will. I’m betting online ads will get bigger market share. I’m betting Microsoft will be maniacal about search, and we’ll get a big share of that. I’m betting on getting my margins up. For the background to all of it, I’m betting on getting the audience for Yahoo up." (source)

不知道記者文字修飾佔了多少,但我喜歡她的說話方式。聽說她的辦公室放了一塊石頭,上頭刻著 “Believe”。

ps. 沒注意到她 61 歲

some facts:

Yahoo Mail has 98 million users in the U.S. alone, almost three times as much as Microsoft’s Windows Live e-mail and four times as much as Gmail from Google. Yahoo News claims six times as many readers as the four highest-circulation dailies combined. Three million photos a day go onto its Flickr photo service. Two hundred and sixty million ads a month are submitted to Yahoo, and 20 million are manually reviewed for content. Six million are rejected for inappropriate content.

 

still some facts:

 

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